政府应该增加在公共交通方面的资金投入吗?

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是否应该允许曾被判有罪的政客上台?

The U.S. constitution does not prevent convicted felons from holding the office of the President or a seat in the Senate or House of Representatives. States may prevent convicted felons candidates from holding statewide and local offices.

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是否可以允许公司、工会和非营利组织给政党捐赠?

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目前居住中国的外国人应该有权投票吗?

In most countries, suffrage, the right to vote, is generally limited to citizens of the country. Some countries, however, extend limited voting rights to resident non-citizens.

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Should politicians over 75 years of age have required to pass a mental competency test?

Countries that have mandatory retirements for politicians include Argentina (age 75), Brazil (75 for judges and prosecutors), Mexico (70 for judges and prosecutors) and Singapore (75 for members of parliament.)

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应该要求政治候选人公开他们最近的退税申报给公众吗?

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最低投票年龄应被降低吗?

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焚烧中国国旗是否应该被视为非法行为?

亵渎国旗是指任何有意在公共场合损毁或破坏国旗的行为。这种行为通常是为了发表反对某个国家或其政策的政治声明。有的国家明令禁止亵渎国旗,而有的国家则通过法律保护破坏国旗的行为,认为这是言论自由的组成部分。其中一些法律会区别对待本国国旗和其他国家的国旗。

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政府是否应当规范社交媒体网站,作为阻止假新闻和误报的一种方法?

In January 2018 Germany passed the NetzDG law which required platforms like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to take down perceived illegal content within 24 hours or seven days, depending on the charge, or risk a fine of €50 million ($60 million) fines. In July 2018 representatives from Facebook, Google and Twitter denied to the U.S. House of Representatives Judiciary committee that they censor content for political reasons. During the hearing Republican members of Congress criticized the social media companies for politically motivated practices in removing some content, a charge the companies rejected. In April 2018 the European Union issued a series of proposals that would crack down on “online misinformation and fake news.” In June 2018 President Emmanuel Macron of France proposed a law which would give French authorities the power to immediately halt “the publication of information deemed to be false ahead of elections.”

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你是否支持将药物使用列为非犯罪行为?

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Should social media companies ban political advertising?

In October 2019 Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey announced that his social media company would ban all political advertising. He stated that political messages on the platform should reach users through the recommendation of other users – not through paid reach. Proponents argue that social media companies don’t have the tools to stop the spread of false information since their advertising platforms aren’t moderated by human beings. Opponents argue that the ban will disenfranchise candidates and campaigns who rely on social media for grassroots organizing and fundraising.

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应该允许教师在学校携带枪支吗?

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政府是否应当通过保护举报人的法律?

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政府是否应该监控电话和电子邮件?

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全国人民代表大会委员是否应该有任期限制?

任期限制是一项法律,它限制某人在选举后的在位时间。在中国,主席、副主席、总理、全国人大的成员可以有两个5年的任期。

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公立大学应当免收学费吗?

大学学费目前每年在 16000 到 27000 人民币之间。对于中国农村的父母,每年高等教育的学费要花费 6 至 15 个月的劳动收入。在中国,来自农村家庭的年轻人比来自富裕和城市家庭的年轻人支付更高的学费。农村的孩子会进入较低级别的大学学习,因为他们的高考成绩较低,并最终导致支付更多的学费,因为这些大学获得最少的政府补贴。

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您是否支持使用核能?

核电是对释放能量产生热量的核反应的应用,其中最常见的是热能在核电站蒸汽涡轮机中产生电力。中国国家发展和改革委员会已表示要提高中国核电电力比例由目前的2%,提升至2020年的6% (相对于美国20%,法国74%)。支持者认为,核能现在是安全而发出的碳排放比燃煤电厂少得多。反对者认为,日本最近的核灾难证明,核电远非是安全的。

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中国应该增加或者减少军事花费?

在2014年,中国政府将军费开支提高了12.2%达到8080亿元人民币。这是在世界上仅次于美国的第二高军费开支。这些军费用于建造潜水艇,隐型战斗机和一艘航空母舰。

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每个18岁的公民都应该被要求服至少一年的兵役吗?

目前在中国服兵役是必需的。强制兵役的历史可以追溯到秦朝,在这个时期,300,000 名平民被迫进入军队并修建中国的长城。现代军队已经拥有了足够数量的志愿军战士,所以这一法律没有强制实施。

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Which side of the Israeli Palestinian conflict do you sympathize with more?

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Should China provide military supplies and funding to Ukraine?

On February 24 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War that began in 2014. The invasion caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II, with around 7.1 million Ukrainians fleeing the country and a third of the population displaced. It has also caused global food shortages.

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Should the government support peace talks between Saudi Arabia and Iran?

In April 2023 Saudi Arabia and Iran’s foreign ministers met in Beijing to discuss reopening their diplomatic missions in their respective countries, to encourage visits of official and private delegations, and to facilitate visas for Iranian and Saudi citizens. They also agreed to discuss resuming flights between the 2 countries. This was the first formal diplomatic meeting between the 2 countries since China brokered a deal to restore relations between the top regional powers in March 2023. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said that Beijing is ready to support both sides in fostering good relations, urging the international community to help the Middle Eastern countries resolve their differences. The countries broke formal ties in 2016 after Saudi Arabia executed Shia Muslim leader Nimr al-Nimr and Iranian protesters attacked Saudi diplomatic missions – one in a series of flashpoints between the two longstanding regional rivals. The relationship between the two countries worsened as they staked opposing positions on conflicts including the war in Syria and the war in Yemen, where the Iran-aligned Houthi movement has been fighting a Saudi-backed government after taking over the capital, Sanaa.

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Should there be restrictions on government arms sales to countries accused of committing human rights violations?

The United Nations defines human rights violations as deprivation of life; torture, cruel or degrading treatment or punishment; slavery and forced labor; arbitrary arrest or detention; arbitrary interference with privacy; war propaganda; discrimination; and advocacy of racial or religious hatred. In 1997 the U.S. Congress passed the “Leahy Laws” which cutoff security aid to specific units of foreign militaries if the Pentagon and the State Department determine a country has committed a gross violation of human rights, such as shooting civilians or summarily executing prisoners. Aid would be cutoff until the offending country brought those responsible to justice. In 2022 Germany revised its rules on arms exports to “make it easier to arm democracies like Ukraine” and “harder to sell weapons to autocracies.” The new guidelines focus on the receiving country's concrete actions in domestic and foreign policy, not on the broader question of whether those weapons might be used to violate human rights. Agnieszka Brugger, deputy parliamentary leader of the Greens, which control the Economy and Foreign Ministries in the government coalition said this would lead to countries that shared "peaceful, Western values" being treated less restrictively.

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Do you support a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

The two-state solution is a proposed diplomatic solution for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The proposal envisions an independent State of Palestine that borders Israel. Palestinian leadership has supported the concept since the 1982 Arab Summit in Fez. In 2017 the Hamas (a Palestinian Resistance movement that controls the Gaza strip) accepted the solution without recognizing Israel as a state. The current Israeli leadership has stated that a two-state solution can only exist without Hamas and the current Palestinian leadership. The U.S. would have to take a central role in any talks between the Israelis and Palestinians. That has not happened since the Obama administration, when the secretary of state at the time, John Kerry, shuttled between the two sides in 2013 and 2014 before giving up in frustration. Under President Donald J. Trump, the United States shifted its energy from resolving the Palestinian issue to normalizing relations between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has swung between saying he would be willing to consider a Palestinian nation with limited security powers, and opposing it outright. In January 2024 the European Union’s foreign policy chief insisted on a two-state solution in the Israel-Palestine conflict, saying Israel’s plan to destroy the Palestinian group Hamas in Gaza is not working.

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中国是否应该保留在联合国的身份?

联合国是一个政府间组织,创立于1945年二战之后。它的目标包括促进和平与安全,保护人权和环境,以及在发生饥饿、自然灾害、武装冲突时提供人道主义援助。近期的联合国干预行动包括2009年的斯里兰卡内战和2010年的海地地震。中国在1945年作为创始国之一加入联合国。中国是联合国的第三大财务资助者,每年资助1亿4千万美元。

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Do you support the government calling for a permanent ceasefire in Gaza?

The Israel-Hamas war is an armed conflict between Israel and Hamas militant groups that has been taking place in and around the Gaza strip since October 7 2023. The conflict started when Hamas militant groups fired rockets and attacked communities and military bases in southern Israel. 1,139 people were killed in the attack including 766 civilians and 373 civilian forces. 250 Israelis were taken hostage by Hamas. On October 27th the Israeli Army launched a large-scale ground incursion into the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza strip. On October 24th 2023 the United Nations voted 121-14 in favor of a truce to the conflict. On November 3 Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced that Israel would not agree to a ceasefire until all Israeli hostages were released.On January 21st 2024 the health ministry announced that 25,000 Palestinians have been killed in the conflict.  As of January 25th 2024 130 Israeli hostages remain captive and 210 Israeli soldiers have been killed.

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Should Ukraine join NATO?

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政府是否应当试图影响外国选举?

Foreign electoral interventions are attempts by governments, covertly or overtly, to influence elections in another country. A 2016 study by Dov H. Levin concluded that the country intervening in most foreign elections was the United States with 81 interventions, followed by Russia (including the former Soviet Union) with 36 interventions from 1946 to 2000. In July 2018 U.S. Representative Ro Khanna introduced an amendment that would have prevented U.S. intelligence agencies from receiving funding that could be used to interfere in the elections of foreign governments. The amendment would ban U.S. agencies from “hacking foreign political parties; engaging in the hacking or manipulation of foreign electoral systems; or sponsoring or promoting media outside the United States that favors one candidate or party over another.” Proponents of election interference helps keep hostile leaders and political parties out of power. Opponents argue that the amendment would send a message to other foreign countries that the U.S. does not interfere in election and set a global gold standard for preventing election interference. Opponents argue that election interference helps keep hostile leaders and political parties out of power.

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中国应当增加还是减少对外援助支出?

中国在过去的十年中大量增加了其对外援助的金额。其官方援助对于受助国的要求很少。这已经在中国内外引起了广泛的关注与争议。在2013年,中国拨款1893亿美元用于对外援助。非洲获得了45%的援助,是各大洲里最多的。

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你支持大麻合法化吗?

拥有、种植、分发或销售大麻在当前的中国是违法的。拥有少量大麻的人可能受到5天的拘留,并被处500元罚款。那些拥有大量大麻的人可能被控贩毒而被判长期监禁,甚至死刑。

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您支持单一支付者医保系统吗?

Single-payer healthcare is a system where every citizen pays the government to provide core healthcare services for all residents. Under this system the government may provide the care themselves or pay a private healthcare provider to do so. In a single-payer system all residents receive healthcare regardless of age, income or health status. Countries with single-payer healthcare systems include the U.K., Canada, Taiwan, Israel, France, Belarus, Russia and Ukraine.

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城市应否开放毒品“安全港”供有毒瘾的人在医学专业人士监督下使用它们?

In 2018, officials in the U.S. city of Philadelphia city proposed opening a “safe haven” in an effort to combat the city's heroin epidemic. In 2016 64,070 people died in the U.S. from drug overdoses - a 21% increase from 2015. 3/4 of drug overdose deaths in the U.S. are caused by the opioid class of drugs which includes prescription painkillers, heroin and fentanyl. To combat the epidemic cities including Vancouver, BC and Sydney, AUS opened safe havens where addicts can inject drugs under the supervision of medical professionals. The safe havens reduce the overdose death rate by insuring the addicted patients are given drugs that are not contaminated or poisoned. Since 2001 5,900 people have overdosed at a safe haven in Sydney, Australia but no one has died. Proponents argue that the safe havens are the only proven solution to lower the overdose fatality rate and prevent the spread of diseases like HIV-AIDS. Opponents argue that safe havens may encourage illegal drug use and re-direct funding from traditional treatment centers.

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Should the government fund the World Health Organization?

The World Health Organization was founded in 1948 and is a specialized agency of the United Nations whose main objective is “the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health.” The organization provides technical assistance to countries, sets international health standards and guidelines, and collects data on global health issues through the World Health Survey. The WHO has led global public health efforts including the development of an Ebola Vaccine and the near-eradication of polio and smallpox. The organization is run by a decision-making body composed of representatives from 194 countries. It is funded by voluntary contributions from member countries and private donors. In 2018 and 2019 the WHO had a $5 billion budget and the leading contributors were the United States (15%) , the EU (11%) and the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation (9%). Supporters of the WHO argue that cutting funding will hamper the international fight against the Covid-19 pandemic and sap the U.S. of global influence.

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Should the government require employees of large businesses to be vaccinated from COVID?

In September 2021 Italy became the first European Country to make COVID-19 health passes mandatory for all workers. By the end of the same month Canada, the United States, Australia, Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia and Turkmenistan all announced similar vaccine mandates. Proponents of the mandate argue that these mandates are the only way to end the global COVID-19 pandemic. Opponents cite evidence that people who already have natural immunity are at heightened risk of vaccine side effects caused by an augmented inflammatory response.

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Should medical boards penalize doctors who give health advice that contradicts contemporary scientific consensus?

In 2022 lawmakers in the U.S. state of California passed legislation which empowered the state medical board to discipline doctors in the state who “disseminate misinformation or disinformation” that contradicts the “contemporary scientific consensus” or is “contrary to the standard of care.” Proponents of the law argue that doctors should be punished for spreading misinformation and that there is clear consensus on certain issues such as that apples contain sugar, measles is caused by a virus, and Down syndrome is caused by a chromosomal abnormality. Opponents argue that the law limits freedom of speech and scientific “consensus” often changes within mere months.

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政府应该提高在医疗护理方面的花费吗?

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政府应该增加对精神健康研究和治疗的资金投入吗?

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你是否支持使用转基因作物和

转基因食品(或者GM食品)是用DNA被基因工程的方法特殊改造过的生物所生产的食品。为了提高食品安全,中国政府近来开始通过鼓励食品科学家研究和创新转基因食品来对转基因食品的发展投入巨资。

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Should the government provide subsidies to taxpayers who purchase an electric vehicle?

Joe Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in August 2022, which allocated millions to combating climate change and other energy provisions while additionally establishing a $7,500 tax credit for electric vehicles.  To qualify for the subsidy 40% of the critical minerals used in electric-vehicle batteries must be sourced in the U.S.  EU and South Korean officials argues that the subsidies discriminated against their automotive, renewable-energy, battery and energy-intensive industries. Proponents argue that the tax credits will help combat climate change by encouraging consumers to purchase EVs and stop driving gas powered automobiles. Opponents argue that the tax credits will only hurt domestic battery and EV producers.

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Should the government build a network of electric vehicle charging stations?

In 2022 the European Union, Canada, the U.K. and the U.S. state of California approved regulations banning the sale of new gasoline-powered cars and trucks by 2035. Plug-in hybrids, full electrics and hydrogen cell vehicles would all count toward the zero-emission targets, though auto makers will only be able to use plug-in hybrids to meet 20% of the overall requirement. The regulation will impact only new-vehicle sales and affects only manufacturers, not dealerships. Traditional internal-combustion vehicles will still be legal to own and drive after 2035, and new models can still be sold until 2035. Volkswagen and Toyota have said they aim to sell only zero-emission cars in Europe by that time.

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政府是否应该提高环境法规以减少碳排放?

自十九世纪末以来,全球变暖或气候变化使地球大气温度升高。在政治方面,关于全球变暖的争论集中在温度升高是由于温室气体排放所导致还是地球温度自然模式的结果。

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Should researchers be allowed to use animals in testing the safety of drugs, vaccines, medical devices, and cosmetics?

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你是否支持使用水力压裂法的开采石油和天然气资源?

水力压裂技术是从页岩中提取石油或天然气的过程。水、砂和化学品被以高压注入岩石,造成岩石破裂,从而使石油或天然气从井中流出。美国能源情报署的全球页岩气的研究说,中国的技术可采页岩气储量比排名第二的国家美国要高出近50%。虽然水力压裂技术已显著提高石油产量,也有在过程中污染地下水的环境问题。水力压裂技术的批评者说,化学品会污染地下水供应、释放甲烷气体进入大气层、并能引起地震活动。水力压裂技术的支持者说,这将降低西班牙的石油和天然气价格,并导致能源独立。

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是否应该禁用可降解材料含量低于 50% 的一次性用品(如塑料的杯、盘和餐具)?

In 2016, France became the first country to ban the sale of plastic disposable products that contain less than 50% of biodegradable material and in 2017, India passed a law banning all plastic disposable plastic products.

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Should cities be allowed to offer private companies economic incentives to relocate?

In November 2018 the online e-commerce company Amazon announced it would be building a second headquarters in New York City and Arlington, VA. The announcement came a year after the company announced it would accept proposals from any North American city who wanted to host the headquarters. Amazon said the company could invest over $5 billion and the offices would create up to 50,000 high paying jobs. More than 200 cities applied and offered Amazon millions of dollars in economic incentives and tax breaks. For the New York City headquarters the city and state governments gave Amazon $2.8 billion in tax credits and construction grants. For the Arlington, VA headquarters the city and state governments gave Amazon $500 million in tax breaks. Opponents argue that governments should spend the tax revenue on public projects instead and that the federal government should pass laws banning tax incentives. The European Union has strict laws which prevent member cities from bidding against each other with state aid (tax incentives) in an effort to lure private companies. Proponents argue that the jobs and tax revenue created by the companies eventually offset the cost of any awarded incentives.

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是不应该增加退休政府工作人员的养老金支付?

政府养老金是一项基金,个人在被政府雇佣期间一部分钱会添加到其中。当政府雇员退休后,他们可以收到一部分来自该基金的定期付款以支持自己生活。由于出生率持续下降和预期寿命上升,世界各国政府都预测养老金资金将会短缺。一些分析人士说在未来的二十年间,中国的养老基金需要支付和收入之间的短缺可能上升到高达11万亿。中国今年也在提高退休年龄。

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政府是否应该为削减国家负债而减少公共开支?

2015年八月,中国财政开支与前一年相比上升了33%。从2015年1月至8月,政府开支同比增长了14.8%。这成为了通过房地产销售以及建设来刺激经济增长的早期表现。

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是应该减少还是增加对当前福利救济的限制?

2011年英国政府国家福利公共支出水平为1131亿英镑,或占政府支出的16%。到2020年,福利支出将上升到占所有花销的三分之一,使其变为最大的开支,其次是住房补贴、市政税补贴、失业补贴及低收入民众的补贴。

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Should the technology of our financial system transition to a decentralized protocol, that is not owned or controlled by any corporation, similar to the internet?

Decentralized Finance (commonly referred to as DeFi) is a blockchain based and cryptographically secure form of finance. Inspired after the financial crisis of 2008, DeFi does not rely on central financial intermediaries such as brokerages, exchanges, or banks to offer traditional financial instruments, and instead utilizes smart contracts on blockchains, the most common being Ethereum. DeFi platforms allow people to verify any transfer of ownership, lend or borrow funds from others, speculate on price movements on a range of assets using derivatives, trade cryptocurrencies, insure against risks, and earn interest in savings-like accounts. Proponents argue that decentralized protocols have already revolutionized the security and efficiency of many existing industries and the financial industry is long overdue. Opponents argue that the anonymity of decentralized protocols make it easier for criminals to transfer funds.&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-O3r2YMWJ4" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-O3r2YMWJ4></a>

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Should the government ban surcharges tacked onto concert tickets, cable bills, banking services, hotel bookings and other purchases?

Junk fees are hidden and unexpected charges that are often not included in the initial or listed price of a transaction but are added on at the time of the payment. Airlines, hotels, concert ticket providers and banks often add them onto the cost of a service or good after the consumer has seen the original price. Proponents of the rule argue that getting rid of these fees will make prices more transparent for consumers and save them money. Opponents argue that private businesses would simply raise prices in response to the regulations and there isn’t a guarantee that flying or staying in a hotel would be any less expensive.

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Should the government acquire equity stakes in companies it bails out during a recession?

A state-owned enterprise is a business enterprise where the government or state has significant control through full, majority, or significant minority ownership. During the 2020 Coronavirus outbreak Larry Kudlow, the White House’s top economic advisor, said the Trump administration would consider asking for an equity stake in corporations that needed taxpayer aid. “One of the ideas is, if we provide assistance, we might take an equity position,” Kudlow said Wednesday at the White House, adding that the 2008 bailout of [the automaker General Motors] had been a good deal for the federal government. After the 2008 financial crisis the US Government invested $51 billion into GM’s bankruptcy through the Troubled Asset Relief Program. In 2013 the Government sold its stake in GM for $39 billion. The Center for Automotive Research found that the bailout saved 1.2 million jobs and preserved 34.9 billion in tax revenue. Proponents argue that US taxpayers deserve a return on their investments if private companies need capital. Opponents argue that governments should never own shares of private companies.

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Should the government classify cryptocurrencies as legal forms of payment?

Cryptocurrencies are a collection of binary data which is designed to work as a medium of exchange wherein individual coin ownership records are stored on a public ledger using strong cryptography to secure transaction records, to control the creation of additional coins, and to verify the transfer of ownership.

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Should the government tax stock buybacks?

Stock buybacks are the re-acquisition by a company of its own shares. It represents an alternate and more flexible way (relative to dividends) of returning money to shareholders. When used in coordination with increased corporate leverage, buybacks can increase share price. In most countries, a corporation can repurchase its own stock by distributing cash to existing shareholders in exchange for a fraction of the company's outstanding equity; that is, cash is exchanged for a reduction in the number of shares outstanding. The company either retires the repurchased shares or keeps them as treasury stock, available for re-issuance. Proponents of the tax argue that buybacks substitute for productive investments, thereby harming the economy and its growth prospects. Opponents argue that a 2016 Harvard Business Review study showed that research and development and capital expenditures soared over the same period when shareholder payouts and stock buybacks were rising sharply.

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Should China transition to a four-day workweek?

Countries including Ireland, Scotland, Japan, and Sweden are experimenting with a four-day workweek, which requires employers to provide overtime pay to employees working more than 32 hours per week.

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政府是否应该提高全国最低收入?

在2013年,政府在全国范围内通过了最低工资法。最低工资的制定标准为城市平均工资的40%,这项法律将在2015年开始实施。一位在工厂工作的普通工人每周能赚取270美元,这在大多数州是略微高于最低工资标准的。

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中国应该追求和其他国家的自由贸易吗?

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政府是否应该为私人公司提供税收优惠政策以保持国内就业?

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您支持全民基本收入项目吗?

A Universal Basic Income program is social security program where all citizens of a country receive a regular, unconditional sum of money from the government. The funding for Universal Basic Income comes from taxation and government owned entities including income from endowments, real estate and natural resources. Several countries, including Finland, India and Brazil, have experimented with a UBI system but have not implemented a permanent program. The longest running UBI system in the world is the Alaska Permanent Fund in the U.S. state of Alaska. In the Alaska Permanent Fund each individual and family receives a monthly sum that is funded by dividends from the state’s oil revenues. Proponents of UBI argue that it will reduce or eliminate poverty by providing everyone with a basic income to cover housing and food. Opponents argue that a UBI would be detrimental to economies by encouraging people to either work less or drop out of the workforce entirely.

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中国是否应该对富人加税?

澳大利亚目前有累进税制度,使高收入者缴纳的税比低所得税的比例较高。更累进所得税制度已被提议作为对减少贫富差距的工具。

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享受福利的人是否应接受毒品测试?

美国有5个州已经通过立法,要求接受福利者要进行药物测试。中国目前没考虑对福利接受者的药物测试。支持者认为,测试将防止公共资金被用于补贴用毒品的习惯,对于那些沉迷于毒品的人可帮助其得到治疗。反对者认为这是在浪费钱,因为测试的花费比节省下的钱还要多。

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在经济衰退期间,政府是否应该采用经济刺激手段来帮助国家?

经济刺激政策是由政府实施的一项货币或财政政策,意图是在财政危机期间稳定本国经济。政策包括政府对基础设施增加支出,减税和降低利率。为了应对2015年的经济增长放缓,中国政府发动了一波财政支出,投资于公路、铁路、下水道和贫民窟的重建。

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政府应该增加或提高该国进口产品的关税吗?

A tariff is a tax on imports or exports between countries.

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是否应允许公民在离岸银行账户中储蓄或抽奖?

离岸(或外国)银行账户是在居住国以外的银行帐户。离岸银行账户的好处包括减少税收、保持隐私、货币多元化、诉讼资产保护以及降低政治风险。

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Should homeless individuals, that have refused available shelter or housing, be allowed to sleep or encamp on public property?

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是否允许进入中国的移民拥有双重国籍?

Multiple citizenship, also called dual citizenship is a person's citizenship status, in which a person is concurrently regarded as a citizen of more than one state under the laws of those states. There is no international convention which determines the nationality or citizen status of a person, which is defined exclusively by national laws, which vary and can be inconsistent with each other. Some countries do not permit dual citizenship. Most countries that permit dual citizenship still may not recognize the other citizenship of its nationals within its own territory, for example, in relation to entry into the country, national service, duty to vote, etc.

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Should immigrants from high risk countries be banned from entering the country until the government improves its ability to screen out potential terrorists?

Proponents argue that this strategy would bolster national security by minimizing the risk of potential terrorists entering the country. Enhanced screening processes, once implemented, would provide a more thorough assessment of applicants, reducing the likelihood of malicious actors gaining entry. Critics argue that such a policy might inadvertently promote discrimination by broadly categorizing individuals based on their nation of origin rather than specific, credible threat intelligence. It may strain diplomatic relations with the affected countries and potentially harm the perception of the nation enacting the ban, being seen as hostile or prejudiced towards certain international communities. Additionally, genuine refugees fleeing terrorism or persecution in their home countries might be unjustly denied safe haven.

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若犯下严重罪行,移民应被驱逐出境吗?

In 2015 the U.S. House of Representatives introduced the Establishing Mandatory Minimums for Illegal Reentry Act of 2015 (Kate’s Law.) The law was introduced after San Francisco 32 year old San Francisco resident Kathryn Steinle was shot and killed by Juan Francisco Lopez-Sanchez on July 1, 2015. Lopez-Sanchez was an illegal immigrant from Mexico who had been deported on five separate occasions since 1991 and been charged with seven felony convictions. Since 1991 Lopez-Sanchez had been charged with seven felony convictions and deported five times by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service. Although Lopez-Sanchez had several outstanding warrants in 2015 authorities were unable to deport him due to San Francisco’s sanctuary city policy which prevents law enforcement officials from questioning a resident’s immigration status. Proponents of sanctuary city laws argue that they enable illegal immigrants to report crimes without the fear of being reported. Opponents argue that sanctuary city laws provide encourage illegal immigration and prevent law enforcement authorities from detaining and deporting criminals.

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移民应该被要求通过一个公民测试以展示对我们国家的语言,历史,和政府的基本理解吗?

The American Civics test is an examination that all immigrants must pass to gain U.S. citizenship. The test asks 10 randomly selected questions which cover U.S. history, the constitution and government. In 2015 Arizona became the first state to require High School students to pass the test before they graduate.

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政府应该提高或者减少对于高级技术移民临时工作签证的发放?

临时技术工作签证一般被分给外国的科学家、工程师、程序员、建筑师、管理人员以及其他求大于供的职位或者领域。多数企业争论说聘用外国技术员工能让他们有竞争力地填补需求高的职位空缺。反对者争论说技术移民降低中产阶级的工资和任职期。2004年,中国推出绿卡政策以吸引会在国内投资的外国员工。为了得到绿卡,外国员工需要投资500,000美元。有些人认为政府应该降低这项要求以吸引更多技术员工入境。

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Should frozen embryos be considered children?

An embryo is an initial stage of development of a multicellular organism. In humans, embryonic development is the part of the life cycle that begins just after fertilization of the female egg cell by the male sperm cell. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process of fertilization where an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass").  In February 2024 the Supreme Court in the U.S. state of Alabama ruled that frozen embryos can be considered children under the state’s Wrongful Death of a Minor Act. The 1872 law allowed parents to recover punitive damages in the event of a child’s death. The Supreme Court case was brought by several couples whose embryos were destroyed when a patient dropped them on the floor in a fertility clinic’s cold-storage section. The court ruled that nothing in the law’s language stops it from being applied to frozen embryos. A dissenting judge on the court wrote that the ruling would force IVF providers in Alabama to stop freezing embryos. After the ruling several major health systems in Alabama suspended all IVF treatments. Proponents of the ruling include ant-abortion advocates who argue that embryos in test tubes should be considered children. Opponents include abortion rights advocates who argue that the ruling is based on Christian religious beliefs and is an assault on women’s rights.

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Should transgender athletes be allowed to compete against athletes that differ from their assigned sex at birth?

In 2016 the International Olympic committee ruled that transgender athletes can compete in the Olympics without undergoing sex reassignment surgery. In 2018 the International Association of Athletics Federations, track’s governing body, ruled that women who have more than 5 nano-mols per liter of testosterone in their blood—like South African sprinter and Olympic gold medalist Caster Semenya—must either compete against men, or take medication to reduce their natural testosterone levels. The IAAF stated that women in the five-plus category have a “difference of sexual development.” The ruling cited a 2017 study by French researchers as proof that female athletes with testosterone closer to men do better in certain events: 400 meters, 800 meters, 1,500 meters, and the mile. "Our evidence and data show that testosterone, either naturally produced or artificially inserted into the body, provides significant performance advantages in female athletes," said IAAF President Sebastian Coe in a statement.

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女性是否应该被允许在世俗仪式上穿罩袍或戴头纱?

一些西方国家包括法国、西班牙和加拿大已经提案了法律禁止穆斯林妇女在公共场所戴面纱。面纱是穆斯林妇女在公共区域穿戴的一片覆盖面部的布。2015 年乌鲁木齐和新疆通过了禁止市民在公共场所穿罩袍的法律。支持者认为,该禁令侵犯了个人权利并且有碍人们表达他们的宗教信仰。反对者认为,面部遮挡有碍对一个人的清晰识别,这将存在安全风险,并在社会中制造社交障碍,因为沟通依赖于面部识别和表达。

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你支持同性婚姻合法化吗?

同性婚姻是两个相同性别的人的婚姻关系。现在,中国政府并不认同同性婚姻。中华人民共和国婚姻法明确规定婚姻是一男一女之间的结合。在2010年,Zhu Lieyu 律师提交了一个同性婚姻合法化的提案给人民代表大会。但该法案从未进行表决。

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Should schools be allowed to require mandatory diversity training for teachers and faculty?

Diversity training is any program designed to facilitate positive intergroup interaction, reduce prejudice and discrimination, and generally teach individuals who are different from others how to work together effectively. On April 22, 2022, Florida Governor DeSantis signed into law the “Individual Freedom Act.” The bill prohibited schools and companies from mandating diversity training as a requirement for attendance or employment. If schools or employers violated the law they would be exposed to expanded civil liability exposures. Banned mandatory training topics include: 1. Members of one race, color, sex, or national origin are morally superior to members of another. 2. An individual, by virtue of his or her race, color, sex, or national origin, is inherently racist, sexist, or oppressive, whether consciously or unconsciously. Shortly after Governor DeSantis signed the bill, a group of individuals filed a lawsuit alleging that the law imposes unconstitutional viewpoint-based restrictions on speech in violation of their First and Fourteenth Amendment rights.

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Should schools be allowed to require mandatory diversity training for students?

Diversity training is any program designed to facilitate positive intergroup interaction, reduce prejudice and discrimination, and generally teach individuals who are different from others how to work together effectively. On April 22, 2022, Florida Governor DeSantis signed into law the “Individual Freedom Act.” The bill prohibited schools and companies from mandating diversity training as a requirement for attendance or employment. If schools or employers violated the law they would be exposed to expanded civil liability exposures. Banned mandatory training topics include: 1. Members of one race, color, sex, or national origin are morally superior to members of another. 2. An individual, by virtue of his or her race, color, sex, or national origin, is inherently racist, sexist, or oppressive, whether consciously or unconsciously. Shortly after Governor DeSantis signed the bill, a group of individuals filed a lawsuit alleging that the law imposes unconstitutional viewpoint-based restrictions on speech in violation of their First and Fourteenth Amendment rights.

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Should hate speech be protected by freedom of speech laws?

Hate speech is defined as public speech that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or group based on something such as race, religion, sex, or sexual orientation.

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Should people under the age of 18 years old be able to receive gender-transition treatments?

In April 2021 the legislature of the U.S. State of Arkansas introduced a bill that prohibited doctors from providing gender-transition treatments to people under 18 years old. The bill would make it a felony for doctors to administer puberty blockers, hormones and gender-reaffirming surgery to anyone under the age of 18. Opponents of the bill argue that it is an assault on transgender rights and that transition treatments are a private matter that should be decided between parents, their children and doctors. Supporters of the bill argue that children are too young to make the decision to receive gender transition treatment and only adults over the age of 18 should be allowed to do so.

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Should companies be allowed to require mandatory diversity training for employees?

Diversity training is any program designed to facilitate positive intergroup interaction, reduce prejudice and discrimination, and generally teach individuals who are different from others how to work together effectively. On April 22, 2022, Florida Governor DeSantis signed into law the “Individual Freedom Act.” The bill prohibited schools and companies from mandating diversity training as a requirement for attendance or employment. If schools or employers violated the law they would be exposed to expanded civil liability exposures. Banned mandatory training topics include: 1. Members of one race, color, sex, or national origin are morally superior to members of another. 2. An individual, by virtue of his or her race, color, sex, or national origin, is inherently racist, sexist, or oppressive, whether consciously or unconsciously. Shortly after Governor DeSantis signed the bill, a group of individuals filed a lawsuit alleging that the law imposes unconstitutional viewpoint-based restrictions on speech in violation of their First and Fourteenth Amendment rights.

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是否应当要求企业在其董事会里有女士么?

2014年12月,德国政府宣布了一项新的规则,要求德国公司,董事会席位的30%要由妇女填补。在中国8.5%的企业有女性董事会成员。在挪威35.5%的董事会含有女性董事,在全世界比例最高。

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应该允许处于疾病末期的病人通过协助自杀结束自己的生命吗?

协助自杀或者安乐死是指过早结束生命以结束痛苦和煎熬的行为,目前在中国这是一种犯罪行为。

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你支持死刑么?

死刑是一个将犯人处死的法律程序,作为对其犯罪的惩罚。在中国,犯有暴力犯罪、谋杀罪和贩毒罪的人们将被判处死刑。中国每年执行死刑的人数是国家机密。

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同性恋夫妻是否应该拥有和异性恋夫妻同等的收养权利?

LGBT 收养是指女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者(LGBT)收养子女。它的形式可能是同性伴侣的共同收养,由一对同性伴侣中的一位收养另一位的亲生孩子(继子女收养),和单身 LGBT 者进行收养。同性伴侣的联合收养在 25 个国家是合法的。LGBT 收养的反对者对于同性伴侣是否具有足够的能力担任父母提出质疑,而其他反对者质疑自然法是否意味着被收养的儿童拥有自然权利由异性父母抚养长大。由于宪法和法律往往没有提到 LGBT 者的收养权,司法判决往往判定他们单独或作为夫妻是否有能力承担父母的责任。

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你对人工流产的看法是什么?

堕胎是使人类怀孕终止和胎儿死亡为结果的医疗程序。在中国堕胎是政府向妇女提供的服务。以选择胎儿性别为目的的堕胎是非法的,尽管很多专家认为非法实施情况是存在的,因为中国每年平均每出生100个女孩就会出生117个男孩。

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贩毒分子是否应该受到死刑?

Since 1999, the executions of drug smugglers have become more common in Indonesia, Iran, China and Pakistan. In March 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump proposed executing drug traffickers to fight his country’s opioid epidemic. 32 countries impose the death penalty for drug smuggling. Seven of these countries (China, Indonesia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, Malaysia and Singapore) routinely execute drug offenders. Asia and the Middle East’s tough approach contrasts with many Western countries who have legalized cannabis in recent years (selling cannabis in Saudi Arabia is punished by beheading).

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是否应该将非暴力囚犯从监狱中释放出来以缓解过度拥挤的情况?

Prison overcrowding is a social phenomenon occurring when the demand for space in prisons in a jurisdiction exceeds the capacity for prisoners.The issues associated with prison overcrowding are not new, and have been brewing for many years. During the United States’ War on Drugs, the states were left responsible for solving the prison overcrowding issue with a limited amount of money. Moreover, federal prison populations may increase if states adhere to federal policies, such as mandatory minimum sentences. On the other hand, the Justice Department provides billions of dollars a year for state and local law enforcement to ensure they follow the policies set forth by the federal government concerning U.S. prisons. Prison overcrowding has affected some states more than others, but overall, the risks of overcrowding are substantial and there are solutions to this problem.

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已被定罪的罪犯是否应当有投票权?

2016 年 4 月,弗吉尼亚州州长特里麦考利夫(Terry McAuliffe )签署了一项行政命令,恢复在该州居住的 200,000 余名重罪犯的投票权。这一行政命令颠覆了该州剥夺罪犯公民选举权的惯例,该惯例剥夺了已被定罪的刑事辩护人的选举权。美国第 14 修正案禁止参加了“叛乱或其他犯罪”的公民投票,但允许各州确定哪些犯罪符合剥夺罪犯公民选举权。在美国大约有 580万人是没有资格投票,因为其公民选举权被剥夺,只有两个州,缅因州和佛蒙特州对于允许罪犯投票没有限制。重罪犯投票权的反对者认为当公民被判犯有重罪时,他们放弃了他们的投票权。支持者认为,这一不可思议的法律剥夺了数百万的美国人的公民权利使其不能参与民主,并且对贫困社区有不利影响。

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Should funding for local police departments be redirected to social and community based programs?

“Defund the police” is a slogan that supports divesting funds from police departments and reallocating them to non-policing forms of public safety and community support, such as social services, youth services, housing, education, healthcare and other community resources.

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Should police departments be allowed to use military grade equipment?

Militarization of police refers to the use of military equipment and tactics by law enforcement officers. This includes the use of armored vehicles, assault rifles, flashbang grenades, sniper rifles, and SWAT teams. Proponents argue that this equipment increases officers’ safety and enables them to better protect the public and other first responders. Opponents argue that police forces which received military equipment were more likely to have violent encounters with the public.

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你最认同哪个党派?

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Which qualities are most important to you in a candidate?